Active and Passive Voice in Gujarati: કર્તરિ-કર્મણિના તમામ નિયમો કાળ મુજબ ફેરફાર અને શોર્ટ ટ્રિક્સ | GPSC & PSI Exam PDF file

Active and Passive Voice rules in English and Gujarati with sentence structures, 5 golden rules, and advance examples by EduStepGujarat.


👑  એડવાન્સ વ્યાકરણ (Advanced Grammar)

🚀 Active and Passive Voice Masterclass: કર્તરી અને કર્મણિ પ્રયોગ

Hello Future Officers! EduStepGujarat ની ઈંગ્લીશ ગ્રામર સિરીઝમાં તમારું સ્વાગત છે. આપણે ૧૨ કાળ શીખ્યા, પણ પરીક્ષામાં એ કાળના વાક્યોને ઉલટાવીને પૂછવામાં આવે છે.

જ્યારે કર્તા (Subject) મુખ્ય હોય ત્યારે તે Active (કર્તરી) છે, પણ જ્યારે કર્મ (Object) મુખ્ય બની જાય ત્યારે તે Passive (કર્મણિ) બને છે. આજે આપણે એવા ૫ નિયમો શીખીશું કે જેની મદદથી તમે કોઈપણ કાળનું Passive માત્ર ૨ સેકન્ડમાં કરી શકશો! 🎯

🛠️ Passive Voice ના જાદુઈ ૫ નિયમો (Golden Rules)

કોઈપણ કાળનું વાક્ય હોય, આ ૫ ફેરફાર ફરજિયાત થાય છે:

  1. કર્મ (Object) ને કર્તાના સ્થાને લાવો.
  2. કાળ મુજબ ટુ-બી (Helping Verb) નું રૂપ મૂકો.
  3. ક્રિયાપદનું હંમેશા ત્રીજું રૂપ (V3 - Past Participle) જ મૂકવું.
  4. નવા કર્મની આગળ 'by' મૂકવું.
  5. કર્તા (Subject) ને કર્મના સ્થાને લાવો.
💡 કર્તા વિભક્તિમાં થતા ફેરફાર (Pronoun Changes):

I → me | We → us | You → you | He → him | She → her | It → it | They → them

૧. સાદા કાળ (Simple Tenses) ના ફેરફાર

સાદો વર્તમાનકાળ:
Active: V1 / s / es
Passive: am/is/are + V3
સાદો ભૂતકાળ:
Active: V2 / Did
Passive: was/were + V3
સાદો ભવિષ્યકાળ:
Active: will/shall + V1
Passive: will/shall + be + V3
👇 ૧૦ પાક્કા ઉદાહરણો:
  1. I write a letter. → A letter is written by me.
  2. He plays cricket. → Cricket is played by him.
  3. She sang a song. → A song was sung by her.
  4. Police arrested the thief. → The thief was arrested by police.
  5. They will buy a car. → A car will be bought by them.
  6. Rahul helps me. → I am helped by Rahul.
  7. We invited them. → They were invited by us.
  8. Teacher will teach English. → English will be taught by teacher.
  9. Do you eat fruit? → Are fruit eaten by you?
  10. Did he solve the sum? → Was the sum solved by him?

૨. ચાલુ કાળ (Continuous Tenses) - Being નો નિયમ

ચાલુ કાળમાં i-n-g ને સાચવવા માટે આપણે 'Being' શબ્દનો ઉપયોગ કરીએ છીએ.

📌 માસ્ટર ફોર્મ્યુલા: am/is/are/was/were + Being + V3
👇 ૧૦ બેસ્ટ ઉદાહરણો:
  1. I am reading a book. → A book is being read by me.
  2. They are playing chess. → Chess is being played by them.
  3. She was cooking food. → Food was being cooked by her.
  4. We were watching TV. → TV was being watched by us.
  5. Is he writing a letter? → Is a letter being written by him?
  6. The children are making a noise. → A noise is being made by children.
  7. Was she cleaning the room? → Was the room being cleaned by her?
  8. They are not wasting time. → Time is not being wasted by them.
  9. I am preparing for exams. → Exams are being prepared for by me.
  10. Look! They are cutting trees. → Look! Trees are being cut by them.

૩. પૂર્ણ કાળ (Perfect Tenses) - Been નો નિયમ

પૂર્ણ કાળમાં પહેલેથી V3 હોય જ છે, માત્ર આપણે 'Been' ઉમેરવાનું છે.

📌 માસ્ટર ફોર્મ્યુલા: have/has/had + Been + V3
👇 ૧૦ પાવરફુલ ઉદાહરણો:
  1. I have finished my work. → My work has been finished by me.
  2. She has cooked dinner. → Dinner has been cooked by her.
  3. They had won the match. → The match had been won by them.
  4. We have already seen this movie. → This movie has already been seen by us.
  5. Has he posted the letter? → Has the letter been posted by him?
  6. Rahul had lost his keys. → His keys had been lost by Rahul.
  7. India has developed a new missile. → A new missile has been developed by India.
  8. They will have completed the work. → The work will have been completed by them.
  9. Have you locked the door? → Has the door been locked by you?
  10. Someone had stolen my purse. → My purse had been stolen by someone.

૪. સહાયકારક ક્રિયાપદો (Modals) નું Passive

Can, Could, May, Must વગેરેનું Passive કરવું સાવ સહેલું છે, માત્ર 'be' ઉમેરો.

📌 માસ્ટર ફોર્મ્યુલા: Modal + be + V3
👇 ૧૦ ડીટેલ ઉદાહરણો:
  1. I can lift this box. → This box can be lifted by me.
  2. You must obey the rules. → The rules must be obeyed by you.
  3. She should read this book. → This book should be read by her.
  4. We may win the match. → The match may be won by us.
  5. Students ought to respect teachers. → Teachers ought to be respected by students.
  6. He could not solve the problem. → The problem could not be solved by him.
  7. May I use your pen? → May your pen be used by me?
  8. Someone might find your phone. → Your phone might be found by someone.
  9. We should help the poor. → The poor should be helped by us.
  10. You can't touch this. → This can't be touched by you.

🚀 Supreme Advanced Rules (સૌથી અઘરા અને છુપા નિયમો)

મેરીટમાં આવવા માટે આ ૪ એડવાન્સ રચનાઓ શીખવી અનિવાર્ય છે. આમાં જ સૌથી વધુ વિદ્યાર્થીઓ માર્ક્સ ગુમાવે છે:

૧. આજ્ઞાર્થ વાક્યો (Imperative Sentences)

જ્યારે વાક્યમાં કોઈ આજ્ઞા, વિનંતી કે સલાહ હોય અને વાક્યની શરૂઆત સીધી જ ક્રિયાપદથી થતી હોય, ત્યારે નીચે મુજબ ફેરફાર થાય છે:

📌 માસ્ટર શોર્ટ ટ્રિક:

Let + કર્મ + be + V3
અથવા (વિનંતી માટે): You are requested to + V1

👇 ૧૦ પાક્કા ઉદાહરણો:
  1. Open the door. → Let the door be opened.
  2. Post this letter. → Let this letter be posted.
  3. Do not kill birds. → Let birds not be killed.
  4. Please sit down. → You are requested to sit down.
  5. Work hard. → You are advised to work hard.
  6. Shut the window. → Let the window be shut.
  7. Help the poor. → Let the poor be helped.
  8. Kindly grant me leave. → You are requested to grant me leave.
  9. Don't touch it. → Let it not be touched.
  10. Call the doctor. → Let the doctor be called.

૨. બે કર્મવાળા વાક્યો (Double Objects)

જ્યારે વાક્યમાં બે કર્મ હોય (એક વ્યક્તિ અને એક વસ્તુ), ત્યારે ગમે તે એક કર્મને આગળ લાવી શકાય છે. પણ વ્યક્તિવાચક કર્મને આગળ લાવવું વધુ સરળ છે.

👇 ૧૦ બેસ્ટ ઉદાહરણો:
  1. He gave me a pen. → I was given a pen by him. (અથવા: A pen was given to me by him).
  2. The teacher told us a story. → We were told a story by the teacher.
  3. I will send you a gift. → You will be sent a gift by me.
  4. She teaches him English. → He is taught English by her.
  5. Mr. Shah gave me a job. → I was given a job by Mr. Shah.
  6. My father gave me some money. → Some money was given to me by my father.
  7. I told them the truth. → They were told the truth by me.
  8. She lent me her book. → I was lent her book by her.
  9. They showed us the photos. → We were showed the photos by them.
  10. The manager offered him a promotion. → He was offered a promotion by the manager.

૩. Infinitive (To + V1) નું Passive

જ્યારે વાક્યમાં 'to + V1' હોય (દા.ત. To eat, To play), ત્યારે તેનું Passive 'To be + V3' માં થાય છે.

💡 શોર્ટ ટ્રિક: to + V1 → to + be + V3
👇 ૧૦ પાવરફુલ ઉદાહરણો:
  1. I have to do this work. → This work has to be done by me.
  2. It is time to take tea. → It is time for tea to be taken.
  3. He is to help me. → I am to be helped by him.
  4. She had to cook food. → Food had to be cooked by her.
  5. There is no house to let. → There is no house to be let.
  6. I want to buy this car. → I want this car to be bought (by me).
  7. You are to post these letters. → These letters are to be posted by you.
  8. It is easy to say. → It is easy to be said.
  9. We have to win this match. → This match has to be won by us.
  10. There was nothing to lose. → There was nothing to be lost.

૪. 'by' વગરના ખાસ વાક્યો (Special Prepositions)

આ GPSC નો સૌથી ફેવરિટ ટોપિક છે. અમુક ક્રિયાપદો સાથે Passive માં 'by' નહિ પણ અન્ય શબ્દો વપરાય છે. આ ગોખી જ લેજો:

  • Know → Known to (by નહિ)
  • Surprise → Surprised at
  • Satisfy → Satisfied with
  • Fill → Filled with
  • Interest → Interested in
👇 ૧૦ કન્ફ્યુઝ કરતા ઉદાહરણો:
  1. I know him. → He is known to me. (known by me ખોટું છે).
  2. His result surprised me. → I was surprised at his result.
  3. Your work satisfies me. → I am satisfied with your work.
  4. The water fills the tank. → The tank is filled with water.
  5. This book interests me. → I am interested in this book.
  6. The music pleased everyone. → Everyone was pleased with the music.
  7. Smoke filled the room. → The room was filled with smoke.
  8. His behavior shocks me. → I am shocked at his behavior.
  9. I know the truth. → The truth is known to me.
  10. This job interests Rahul. → Rahul is interested in this job.

🏆 Master-Level Grammar (સૌથી અઘરા અને અંતિમ નિયમો)

પરીક્ષામાં ૧૦૦% સ્કોર કરવા માટે આ ૩ હાઇ-લેવલ રચનાઓ સમજી લેવી ખૂબ જરૂરી છે. આનાથી બહારનું કશું જ નહીં પુછાય:

૧. પ્રશ્નાર્થ વાક્યોનું Passive (WH-Questions)

WH-શબ્દો (What, Why, Where, When) પોતાની જગ્યાએ જ રહે છે, પરંતુ Who અને Whom માં મોટો ફેરફાર થાય છે:

📌 માસ્ટર શોર્ટ ટ્રિક:
  • Who થી શરૂ થતું વાક્ય By whom માં ફરે છે.
  • Whom થી શરૂ થતું વાક્ય Who માં ફરે છે.
👇 ૧૦ ડીટેલ ઉદાહરણો:
  1. Who wrote the Ramayana? → By whom was the Ramayana written?
  2. Who is playing cricket? → By whom is cricket being played?
  3. Whom did you call? → Who was called by you?
  4. Whom has he invited? → Who has been invited by him?
  5. What are you doing? → What is being done by you?
  6. Which book do you like? → Which book is liked by you?
  7. Where did he find the keys? → Where were the keys found by him?
  8. Why have you broken this chair? → Why has this chair been broken by you?
  9. Who will help us? → By whom will we be helped?
  10. How did you solve this? → How was this solved by you?

૨. Quasi-Passive (અડધા કર્મણિ - સ્થિતિ દર્શાવતા વાક્યો)

અમુક વાક્યોમાં કર્મ હોતું નથી પણ વિશેષણ હોય છે. આનું પેસિવ કરતી વખતે 'When' નો ઉપયોગ કરીને વાક્ય બનાવવામાં આવે છે.

💡 શોર્ટ ટ્રિક: Subject + is/are + Adjective + WHEN + it/they + is/are + V3
👇 ૧૦ યુનિક ઉદાહરણો:
  1. The rose smells sweet. → The rose is sweet when it is smelt.
  2. Quinine tastes bitter. → Quinine is bitter when it is tasted.
  3. Sugar tastes sweet. → Sugar is sweet when it is tasted.
  4. This bed feels hard. → This bed is hard when it is felt.
  5. The mangoes taste sour. → The mangoes are sour when they are tasted.
  6. These clothes feel soft. → These clothes are soft when they are felt.
  7. Lemons taste sour. → Lemons are sour when they are tasted.
  8. The surface feels rough. → The surface is rough when it is felt.
  9. Honey tastes sweet. → Honey is sweet when it is tasted.
  10. The iron bar feels cold. → The iron bar is cold when it is felt.

૩. સંયુક્ત ક્રિયાપદો (Phrasal Verbs) નું Passive

જ્યારે ક્રિયાપદ સાથે કોઈ પ્રેપોઝીશન (at, for, after) પહેલેથી જ હોય, ત્યારે Passive માં તે ક્રિયાપદની સાથે જ રહે છે અને તેના પછી 'by' મૂકવામાં આવે છે.

👇 ૧૦ ઈમ્પોર્ટન્ટ ઉદાહરણો:
  1. They laugh at the poor. → The poor are laughed at by them.
  2. She looks after the baby. → The baby is looked after by her.
  3. We must listen to him. → He must be listened to by us.
  4. I am looking for my keys. → My keys are being looked for by me.
  5. The police enquired into the matter. → The matter was enquired into by the police.
  6. He turned down my proposal. → My proposal was turned down by him.
  7. She is waiting for the bus. → The bus is being waited for by her.
  8. You should look into the matter. → The matter should be looked into by you.
  9. They broke into the house. → The house was broken into by them.
  10. The car ran over the cat. → The cat was ran over by the car.

🚀 Ultimate Pro Rules (અંતિમ અને સૌથી એડવાન્સ નિયમો)

અંગ્રેજી વ્યાકરણમાં ૧૦૦ માંથી ૧૦૦ માર્ક્સ લાવવા માટે આ ૩ આખરી રચનાઓ સમજવી ખૂબ જરૂરી છે. આનાથી ઉપર હવે કશું જ નથી:

૧. જટિલ વાક્યો (It is said/believed that...)

જ્યારે વાક્યની શરૂઆત "People say", "They believe" કે "Everyone knows" થી થતી હોય, ત્યારે તેનું Passive "It is + V3 + that..." થી થાય છે.

👇 ૧૦ પાવરફુલ ઉદાહરણો:
  1. People say that he is a spy. → It is said that he is a spy.
  2. They believe that the earth is round. → It is believed that the earth is round.
  3. Everyone knows that he is honest. → It is known that he is honest.
  4. We expect that they will win. → It is expected that they will win.
  5. People consider that he is a hero. → It is considered that he is a hero.
  6. They reported that the strike was over. → It was reported that the strike was over. (reported ભૂતકાળ છે એટલે it was આવ્યું).
  7. We hope that he will recover soon. → It is hoped that he will recover soon.
  8. They say that honesty is the best policy. → It is said that honesty is the best policy.
  9. People thought that he was dead. → It was thought that he was dead.
  10. They claim that they have found a cure. → It is claimed that they have found a cure.

૨. Gerund (V-ing) નું Passive

જ્યારે વાક્યમાં 'praising', 'telling' જેવી i-n-g વાળી રચનાઓ નામ તરીકે વપરાય, ત્યારે તેનું Passive 'being + V3' થી થાય છે.

👇 ૧૦ માસ્ટર લેવલ ઉદાહરણો:
  1. I like people praising me. → I like being praised.
  2. I remember my father taking me to the zoo. → I remember being taken to the zoo by my father.
  3. She hates people telling lies. → She hates lies being told.
  4. He loves people admiring his work. → He loves his work being admired.
  5. The children enjoyed the teacher telling them a story. → The children enjoyed being told a story by the teacher.
  6. I don't like people laughing at me. → I don't like being laughed at.
  7. They avoided photographing them. → They avoided being photographed.
  8. I saw him crossing the road. → He was seen crossing the road.
  9. She dislikes people interrupting her. → She dislikes being interrupted.
  10. I appreciate you helping me. → I appreciate being helped by you.

૩. કર્તાને કાઢી નાખવાનો નિયમ (Omission of Agent)

જ્યારે વાક્યમાં કર્તા તરીકે Someone, People, Police, They જેવા શબ્દો હોય જે બિનમહત્વના કે અજ્ઞાત હોય, ત્યારે Passive માં 'by + કર્તા' લખવાની જરૂર રહેતી નથી.

👇 ૧૦ ટ્રીકી ઉદાહરણો:
  1. Someone has stolen my pen. → My pen has been stolen. (by someone લખવાની જરૂર નથી).
  2. People speak English all over the world. → English is spoken all over the world.
  3. Police arrested the thief. → The thief was arrested. (ચોરને પોલીસ જ પકડે, એટલે by police ન લખો તો ચાલે).
  4. They are building a bridge. → A bridge is being built.
  5. Someone will clean the room. → The room will be cleaned.
  6. They sell milk here. → Milk is sold here.
  7. People across the globe love Gandhi ji. → Gandhi ji is loved across the globe.
  8. Nobody has ever used this car. → This car has never been used.
  9. One must keep one's promise. → Promises must be kept.
  10. They were shouting at him. → He was being shouted at.

💎 Final Finishing Touches (સૂક્ષ્મ નિયમો અને આખરી ઓપ)

અંગ્રેજી વ્યાકરણમાં ૧૦૦% સ્કોર કન્ફર્મ કરવા માટે આ ૩ સૂક્ષ્મ નિયમો પર નજર ફેરી લેજો. આના પછી હવે કશું જ બાકી નહીં રહે:

૧. પ્રેરક ક્રિયાપદો (Causative Verbs - Have / Get)

જ્યારે આપણે કોઈ કામ જાતે નથી કરતા પણ બીજા પાસે કરાવીએ છીએ, ત્યારે તેને Causative Passive કહેવાય છે. GPSC માં આનાથી અઘરી ખાલી જગ્યાઓ પૂછાય છે.

💡 શોર્ટ ટ્રિક: Have / Get + કર્મ + V3
👇 ૧૦ પાવરફુલ ઉદાહરણો:
  1. I had my car repaired. (મેં મારી કાર રીપેર કરાવી - મેં પોતે નથી કરી).
  2. She got her hair cut. (તેણે તેના વાળ કપાવ્યા).
  3. I will have my house painted next month.
  4. He got his bike serviced yesterday.
  5. You should have your eyes tested.
  6. The manager had the report typed.
  7. I must get my room cleaned.
  8. We had our luggage checked at the airport.
  9. She is having her dress designed. (ક્રિયા ચાલુ હોય તો પણ V3 જ આવે).
  10. Did you get the letter posted?

૨. Need / Want + V-ing નું Passive

જ્યારે કોઈ વસ્તુને કોઈ ક્રિયાની જરૂર હોય, ત્યારે અંગ્રેજીમાં બે રીતે Passive બનાવી શકાય છે: V-ing વાપરીને અથવા to be + V3 વાપરીને.

👇 ૧૦ માસ્ટર લેવલ ઉદાહરણો:
  1. The car needs washing. → The car needs to be washed.
  2. The house wants painting. → The house wants to be painted.
  3. My shoes need mending. → My shoes need to be mended.
  4. The garden needs watering. → The garden needs to be watered.
  5. The application wants signing. → The application wants to be signed.
  6. This shirt needs ironing.
  7. The computer needs repairing.
  8. Your hair needs cutting.
  9. The children want feeding.
  10. The flowers need plucking.

૩. વિશેષણનું સ્થાન (Position of Adverbs)

ઘણીવાર વિદ્યાર્થીઓ કન્ફ્યુઝ થાય છે કે 'always' કે 'well' ને Passive માં ક્યાં મૂકવા. નિયમ મુજબ તે સહાયકારક ક્રિયાપદ અને V3 ની વચ્ચે આવે છે.

👇 ૧૦ ટ્રીકી ઉદાહરણો:
  1. He has always helped me. → I have always been helped by him.
  2. They did the work carefully. → The work was carefully done by them.
  3. She sang the song beautifully. → The song was beautifully sung by her.
  4. I have never seen him. → He has never been seen by me.
  5. The teacher explained the lesson well. → The lesson was well explained by the teacher.
  6. They are strictly following the rules. → The rules are strictly being followed by them.
  7. We have already finished the work. → The work has already been finished by us.
  8. The police interrogated the thief thoroughly. → The thief was thoroughly interrogated.
  9. She often invites me. → I am often invited by her.
  10. They handled the glass with care. → The glass was carefully handled.

💎 The Diamond Rule (Let's / Let us વાળી રચના)

જ્યારે વાક્યમાં કોઈ સૂચન કે દરખાસ્ત (Suggestion) હોય અને વાક્ય Let's થી શરૂ થતું હોય, ત્યારે તેનું Passive કરવા માટે એક ખાસ શબ્દસમૂહ વપરાય છે:

💡 માસ્ટર ફોર્મ્યુલા:
It is suggested that + we should + V1 + ...
👇 ૧૦ સુપર ઉદાહરણો:
  1. Let's play cricket. → It is suggested that we should play cricket.
  2. Let us help the poor. → It is suggested that the poor should be helped.
  3. Let's go for a walk. → It is suggested that we should go for a walk.
  4. Let's organize a party. → It is suggested that a party should be organized.
  5. Let's sing a song. → It is suggested that we should sing a song.
  6. Let us work together. → It is suggested that we should work together.
  7. Let's solve this sum. → It is suggested that this sum should be solved.
  8. Let's wait for the results. → It is suggested that we should wait for the results.
  9. Let us clean the garden. → It is suggested that the garden should be cleaned.
  10. Let's not waste our time. → It is suggested that our time should not be wasted.

🏆 The Final Master-Stroke (છેલ્લા અને ખતરનાક નિયમો)

પરીક્ષામાં ટોપ કરવા માટે આ ૩ "છુપા નિયમો" જાણવા અનિવાર્ય છે. આના પછી હવે આખા અંગ્રેજી વ્યાકરણમાં કશું જ બાકી નહીં રહે:

૧. Perfect Modals નું Passive (Have + Been)

જ્યારે મોડલ સાથે 'have + V3' હોય (ભૂતકાળની વાત), ત્યારે તેનું Passive કરતી વખતે 'Been' ઉમેરવામાં આવે છે.

💡 શોર્ટ ટ્રિક: Modal + have + been + V3
👇 ૧૦ પાવરફુલ ઉદાહરણો:
  1. You should have helped him. → He should have been helped by you.
  2. They must have stolen the car. → The car must have been stolen by them.
  3. She could have won the prize. → The prize could have been won by her.
  4. We ought to have followed the rules. → The rules ought to have been followed by us.
  5. He might have missed the train. → The train might have been missed by him.
  6. I should not have said that. → That should not have been said by me.
  7. They would have completed the project. → The project would have been completed by them.
  8. Someone could have done it better. → It could have been done better by someone.
  9. He may have broken the glass. → The glass may have been broken by him.
  10. You must have told her the truth. → The truth must have been told to her by you.

૨. 'to' નો ફરીથી ઉદ્ભવ (Make, Help, See, Hear)

Active Voice માં Make, Help, See, Hear જેવા ક્રિયાપદો પછી 'to' નથી આવતો. પણ જ્યારે તેનું Passive થાય, ત્યારે તે ફરજિયાત પાછો આવે છે! (પરીક્ષામાં આ સૌથી વધુ પૂછાય છે).

👇 ૧૦ ખતરનાક ઉદાહરણો:
  1. I made him laugh. → He was made to laugh by me. (made laugh લખવું ખોટું છે).
  2. She saw him enter the room. → He was seen to enter the room by her.
  3. They heard her sing. → She was heard to sing by them.
  4. He helped me carry the bag. → I was helped to carry the bag by him.
  5. I made them clean the floor. → They were made to clean the floor by me.
  6. We saw the thief run away. → The thief was seen to run away by us.
  7. She heard the bell ring. → The bell was heard to ring by her.
  8. They made me wait for an hour. → I was made to wait for an hour by them.
  9. He helped her solve the sum. → She was helped to solve the sum by him.
  10. I saw the plane land. → The plane was seen to land by me.

૩. કર્મ અનુપૂરક (Object Complement)

જ્યારે વાક્યમાં કોઈ પદવી કે નામ કર્મની પાછળ આવતું હોય, ત્યારે તેને Passive માં ક્રિયાપદની તરત પછી મૂકવામાં આવે છે.

👇 ૧૦ ટ્રીકી ઉદાહરણો:
  1. They elected him President. → He was elected President by them.
  2. We appointed her Manager. → She was appointed Manager by us.
  3. The jury found him guilty. → He was found guilty by the jury.
  4. People called him a fool. → He was called a fool by people.
  5. The King made him General. → He was made General by the King.
  6. They crowned him King. → He was crowned King by them.
  7. She named the baby Rahul. → The baby was named Rahul by her.
  8. We chose him Captain. → He was chose Captain by us.
  9. They found the room empty. → The room was found empty by them.
  10. He kept me waiting. → I was kept waiting by him.

🏁 The Final Destination (વોઇસના અંતિમ ૨ સૂક્ષ્મ નિયમો)

અભિનંદન! આ ૨ નિયમો સાથે તમે Active-Passive Voice ના ૧૦૦% નિયમો શીખી લીધા છે. આના પછી હવે કશું જ બાકી નથી:

૧. કર્મ સાથેનું Infinitive (I want you to do it)

જ્યારે વાક્યમાં 'Want' કે 'Like' જેવા ક્રિયાપદો પછી કર્મ અને પછી 'to + V1' હોય, ત્યારે તેનું Passive ખૂબ જ ટ્રીકી બને છે.

💡 શોર્ટ ટ્રિક: I want + (નવું કર્મ) + to be + V3
👇 ૧૦ સુપર એડવાન્સ ઉદાહરણો:
  1. I want you to do this. → I want this to be done by you.
  2. She likes people to respect her. → She likes to be respected.
  3. I expect him to help me. → I expect to be helped by him.
  4. They want the teacher to teach English. → They want English to be taught by the teacher.
  5. He likes girls to admire him. → He likes to be admired.
  6. We expect the government to reduce prices. → We expect prices to be reduced by the government.
  7. I want him to post this letter. → I want this letter to be posted by him.
  8. She loves people to praise her work. → She loves her work to be praised.
  9. I like you to tell me the truth. → I like the truth to be told to me by you.
  10. They wanted the manager to cancel the meeting. → They wanted the meeting to be cancelled by the manager.

૨. ત્રણ શબ્દોવાળા ફ્રેઝલ વર્બ્સ (Look up to / Look down upon)

જ્યારે ક્રિયાપદ સાથે બે પ્રેપોઝીશન એકસાથે હોય, ત્યારે Passive માં તે બંનેને સાથે જ રાખવાના છે અને પછી 'by' મૂકવાનું છે.

👇 ૧૦ મહત્ત્વપૂર્ણ ઉદાહરણો:
  1. We must look up to our teachers. → Our teachers must be looked up to by us. (માન આપવું).
  2. Don't look down upon the poor. → Let the poor not be looked down upon. (તિરસ્કાર કરવો).
  3. You should keep up with the latest news. → The latest news should be kept up with by you.
  4. They look forward to the vacation. → The vacation is looked forward to by them.
  5. He gave in to my request. → My request was given in to by him.
  6. I cannot put up with such behavior. → Such behavior cannot be put up with by me.
  7. They ran out of money. → Money was ran out of by them.
  8. She came up with a new idea. → A new idea was came up with by her.
  9. The police caught up with the thief. → The thief was caught up with by the police.
  10. He broke away from the group. → The group was broken away from by him.

📥 આ પોસ્ટની PDF ડાઉનલોડ કરો

GPSC અને અન્ય સ્પર્ધાત્મક પરીક્ષાઓના રિવિઝન માટે આ મટીરીયલ ડાઉનલોડ કરી લો.

📄 DOWNLOAD PDF

ફાઇલ સાઈઝ: 22 MB | ફોર્મેટ: PDF


🛑 Error Spotting (પરીક્ષામાં પૂછાતી ૫ મોટી ભૂલો)

1.A letter is wrote by him.

1.A letter is written by him.

કારણ: Passive Voice માં હંમેશા ત્રીજું રૂપ (V3) જ આવે.

2.Cricket is being played since morning.

2.Cricket has been being played... (તૈયાર ન થાય)

કારણ: Perfect Continuous કાળનું Passive ક્યારેય થતું નથી.

3.Rice was ate by her.

3.Rice was eaten by her.

કારણ: ate એ V2 છે, પણ Passive માં V3 'eaten' જ આવે.

📝 આખરી રિવિઝન: Top 10 MCQs on Active & Passive Voice

શું તમે પોસ્ટમાં આપેલા તમામ એડવાન્સ નિયમો શીખી લીધા છે? આ ટેસ્ટ આપીને તમારું નોલેજ ચકાસો!

1. "He plays cricket." (Change the voice)

A) Cricket was played by him.
B) Cricket is played by him.
✅ જવાબ અને સમજૂતી

જવાબ: B. વાક્ય સાદા વર્તમાનકાળમાં છે, તેથી is + V3 વપરાય.

2. "Who fixed the car?" (Change the voice)

A) By whom was the car fixed?
B) By whom the car was fixed?
✅ જવાબ અને સમજૂતી

જવાબ: A. 'Who' વાળા વાક્યમાં By whom પછી તરત સહાયકારક ક્રિયાપદ (was) આવે.

3. "Open the window." (Change the voice)

A) Let the window opened.
B) Let the window be opened.
✅ જવાબ અને સમજૂતી

જવાબ: B. આજ્ઞાર્થ વાક્યનું Passive 'Let + કર્મ + be + V3' મુજબ થાય.

4. "I know him." (Change the voice)

A) He is known by me.
B) He is known to me.
✅ જવાબ અને સમજૂતી

જવાબ: B. 'Know' ક્રિયાપદ સાથે Passive માં 'by' નહિ પણ 'to' વપરાય છે.

5. "They are making tea." (Change the voice)

A) Tea is being made by them.
B) Tea is made by them.
✅ જવાબ અને સમજૂતી

જવાબ: A. ચાલુ વર્તમાનકાળમાં Passive કરતી વખતે 'Being' એડ કરવું ફરજિયાત છે.

6. "Someone has stolen my purse."

A) My purse has been stolen.
B) My purse has stolen by someone.
✅ જવાબ અને સમજૂતી

જવાબ: A. જ્યારે કર્તા અજ્ઞાત (Someone) હોય ત્યારે 'by someone' લખવાની જરૂર રહેતી નથી.

7. "I made him laugh." (Change the voice)

A) He was made laugh by me.
B) He was made to laugh by me.
✅ જવાબ અને સમજૂતી

જવાબ: B. 'Make' નું Passive થાય ત્યારે Active માં ગાયબ થયેલું 'to' પાછું આવે છે.

8. "You must finish it." (Change the voice)

A) It must be finished by you.
B) It must been finished by you.
✅ જવાબ અને સમજૂતી

જવાબ: A. મોડલ (Must) ના Passive માં 'be + V3' વપરાય છે.

9. "Let's play." (Change the voice)

A) Let be played.
B) It is suggested that we should play.
✅ જવાબ અને સમજૂતી

જવાબ: B. 'Let's' વાળા સૂચન દર્શાવતા વાક્યનું Passive 'It is suggested that...' થી થાય.

10. "I had my car repaired." (Identify Voice)

A) Active Voice
B) Causative Passive Voice
✅ જવાબ અને સમજૂતી

જવાબ: B. જ્યારે આપણે કામ બીજા પાસે કરાવીએ ત્યારે 'Had/Get + Object + V3' વાળી રચના Causative Passive કહેવાય.

❓ વારંવાર પૂછાતા ૧૦ મહત્ત્વપૂર્ણ પ્રશ્નો (FAQs)

૧. કયા કાળનું Passive Voice નથી થતું?

અંગ્રેજીમાં કુલ ૪ કાળનું Passive થતું નથી: (૧) ચાલુ ભવિષ્યકાળ, (૨) ચાલુ પૂર્ણ વર્તમાનકાળ, (૩) ચાલુ પૂર્ણ ભૂતકાળ, (૪) ચાલુ પૂર્ણ ભવિષ્યકાળ.

૨. શું 'by' વગર Passive વાક્ય બની શકે?

હા, જ્યારે કર્તા (Subject) અજ્ઞાત હોય (દા.ત. Someone) અથવા બિનમહત્વનો હોય, ત્યારે 'by' અને કર્તા કાઢી શકાય છે. દા.ત. English is spoken all over the world.

૩. જો વાક્યમાં બે કર્મ (Object) હોય તો શું કરવું?

તમે કોઈપણ એક કર્મને મુખ્ય બનાવીને Passive કરી શકો છો. સામાન્ય રીતે 'જીવંત' (Indirect Object) કર્મને આગળ લાવવું વધુ સારું ગણાય છે.

૪. 'Who' વાળા પ્રશ્નાર્થ વાક્યનું Passive કેવી રીતે થાય?

Who નું Passive હંમેશા 'By whom' થી શરૂ થાય છે. દા.ત. Who wrote this? → By whom was this written?

૫. 'Intransitive Verb' (અકર્મક ક્રિયાપદ) નું Passive થાય?

ના. જે ક્રિયાપદ પાછળ કર્મ (Object) નથી આવતું, તેનું Passive થઈ શકતું નથી. દા.ત. Sleep, Go, Laugh, Run.

📖 પરીક્ષાલક્ષી સંપૂર્ણ મટીરીયલની મહત્વની લિંક્સ

✍️ ગુજરાતી વ્યાકરણ/સાહિત્ય

📍 ધોરણ-૧૦ વ્યાકરણ સેક્શન-C 📍 જોડણીના નિયમો અને ટ્રીક્સ 📍 વિરામચિહ્નો સંપૂર્ણ ગાઈડ 📍 નિપાત: શોર્ટકટ ટ્રીક્સ 📍 વિશેષણ: વિગતવાર સમજ 📍 વિભક્તિ: સંપૂર્ણ પ્રકારો 📍 સાહિત્યનો સંપૂર્ણ ઇતિહાસ 📍 અલંકાર: શ્રેષ્ઠ ઉદાહરણો 📍 સમાસ: નિયમો અને ઉદાહરણો 📍 છંદ ઓળખવાની ટ્રીક્સ 📍 સંધિ જોડો અને છોડો 📍 કૃદંત: ટ્રીક્સ અને ક્વિઝ 📍 સાહિત્યિક પંક્તિઓ અને કવિઓ 📍 સાહિત્યકારોના ઉપનામ

🏺 ઇતિહાસ અને વારસો

📍 ગુજરાતનો સંપૂર્ણ ઇતિહાસ 📍 સોલંકી વંશ: સુવર્ણકાળ 📍 મૌર્ય સામ્રાજ્ય: અશોક 📍 સોમનાથ મંદિર ઇતિહાસ 📍 સિંધુ ખીણની સભ્યતા 📍 ગુજરાતના સત્યાગ્રહો 📍 લોકનૃત્યોની યાદી 📍 ગુજરાતની વાવ અને કિલ્લાઓ 📍 જિલ્લાઓ અને સરહદો 📍 અનુ-મૌર્ય કાળનો ઇતિહાસ 📍 મગધ સામ્રાજ્ય અને મહાજનપદ 📍 યુરોપિયન પ્રજાનું આગમન 📍 ૧૮૫૭નો વિપ્લવ

🎯 નિષ્કર્ષ (Conclusion)

Active and Passive Voice શીખવા માટે કાળ (Tenses) ના ટુ-બી ના રૂપો પર પકડ હોવી જરૂરી છે. આ પોસ્ટમાં આપણે કાળ મુજબના ફેરફાર જોયા. આવતી પોસ્ટમાં આપણે આજ્ઞાર્થ વાક્યો (Imperative) અને અઘરી વાક્યરચનાઓ વિશે શીખીશું. 🏆

📢 IMPORTANT

⚠️ અસ્વીકરણ (Disclaimer)

EduStepGujarat પર ઉપલબ્ધ આ શૈક્ષણિક સામગ્રી માત્ર વિદ્યાર્થીઓના જ્ઞાનમાં વધારો કરવા અને સ્પર્ધાત્મક પરીક્ષાઓની તૈયારીમાં મદદરૂપ થવાના હેતુથી તૈયાર કરવામાં આવી છે. અમે માહિતીની સચોટતા જાળવવા માટે પૂરો પ્રયાસ કર્યો છે, તેમ છતાં ટાઇપિંગ ભૂલ અથવા ટેકનિકલ કારણોસર કોઈ ક્ષતિ હોઈ શકે છે.

કોઈપણ પરીક્ષા કે સત્તાવાર કાર્ય માટે આ માહિતીનો ઉપયોગ કરતા પહેલા, અધિકૃત ગ્રામર પુસ્તકો અથવા સરકારી ગેઝેટ સાથે તેની પુષ્ટિ કરી લેવા વિનંતી છે. આ માહિતીના આધારે લેવામાં આવેલા કોઈ પણ નિર્ણય માટે અમારી વેબસાઈટ જવાબદાર રહેશે નહીં.

© 2026 EduStepGujarat.com | તમારી સફળતા, અમારો સંકલ્પ.
</

ટિપ્પણી પોસ્ટ કરો

વધુ નવું વધુ જૂનું